First issue of the Zeszyty Historyczne (Historical Notebooks) as a bi-annual periodical (from 1973 it becomes a quarterly). The Institute’s publications include Na nieludzkiej ziemi (The Inhuman Land) by Józef Czapski, Człowiek wśród skorpionów (A Man among Scorpions) and Król Popiel i inne wiersze (King Popiel and other Poems) by Czesław Miłosz, and Dziennik 1957–1961 (Diary 1957–1961) by Witold Gombrowicz.
POLAND
Hanna Rudzińska, secretary of the Crooked Circle Club, is sentenced to a year in prison for her association with Kultura. The Crooked Circle Club in Warsaw is shut down. Roman Polański’s Knife in Water is first screened.
WORLD
Algeria gains independence from France. The Second Vatican Council opens. Adolf Eichmann is executed. Nelson Mandela is imprisoned. Cuban Missile Crisis.
